Image from page 171 of "Examination of the urine; a manual for students and practitioners" (1909)
Identifier: examinationofu00saxe
Title: Examination of the urine; a manual for students and practitioners
Authors: Saxe, George Alexander De Santos, 1876-1911
Subjects: Urine
Publisher: Philadelphia and London, W. B. Saunders Company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress
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utyric acid, diacetic acid), and in the toxemias of pregnancy (probably), especially the cases accompanied by persistent vomiting and those of the pre-eclamptic state and eclampsias. In all these conditions, therefore, there may be a more or less marked increase of ammonia, usually at the expense of the urea—i. e., with a comparatively diminished urea percentage. CREATIN AND CREATININ Creatin and creatinin (C4H9N302 and C4H7N30) arefound in normal urine, creatinin containing one moleculeless of water than creatin. They are both derived frommuscle-tissue of the body and from meat taken as food.The amount varies according to the waste of muscle andthe meat ingested. Normally, 0.6 to 1.5 gm. of creatinin are excreted daily,this amount being probably formed in the kidneys (Ser-kowski). To excrete 1.0 gm. of creatinin one must eatabout 330 gm. of meat. ALLANTOIN—NUCLEIC ACID 161 The amount of creatinin is increased in fever, aftermuscular exercise, and in diabetes (proteid diet). It is
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 23.—Crystals of creatinin-zinc chlorid (Salkowski). diminished in cachexias, starvation, muscle-atrophy, andin chronic nephritis (Serkowski). ALLANTOIN Allantoin (C4H6N403) is found in the urine of new-born infants and also in adults, but in the latter in meretraces. It is increased by meat diet, by taking tannic acid,and in cases of diabetes insipidus and hysteria. Allantoin is obtained from uric acid by oxidation—e. g.,with potassium permanganate—and is decomposed byheat and hydrochloric acid into allanturic acid and urea: C4H6N403 + H20 = C3H4N203 + CH4N20 Allantoin. Allanturic acid. Urea. NUCLEIC ACID Mcerner found nucleic acid in very small quantities inthe urine. Larger amounts appear in combination with 162 EXAMINATION OF THE URINE albumin as nucleo-albumin. These acids arq interesting physiologically, as they are compounds of phosphoric acid, xanthin bases, and non-nitrogenous substances. They may contain as much as 9 or 10 per cent, of phosphorus. They do not give
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Image from page 171 of "Examination of the urine; a manual for students and practitioners" (1909)
Identifier: examinationofu00saxe
Title: Examination of the urine; a manual for students and practitioners
Authors: Saxe, George Alexander De Santos, 1876-1911
Subjects: Urine
Publisher: Philadelphia and London, W. B. Saunders Company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress
View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.
Text Appearing Before Image:
utyric acid, diacetic acid), and in the toxemias of pregnancy (probably), especially the cases accompanied by persistent vomiting and those of the pre-eclamptic state and eclampsias. In all these conditions, therefore, there may be a more or less marked increase of ammonia, usually at the expense of the urea—i. e., with a comparatively diminished urea percentage. CREATIN AND CREATININ Creatin and creatinin (C4H9N302 and C4H7N30) arefound in normal urine, creatinin containing one moleculeless of water than creatin. They are both derived frommuscle-tissue of the body and from meat taken as food.The amount varies according to the waste of muscle andthe meat ingested. Normally, 0.6 to 1.5 gm. of creatinin are excreted daily,this amount being probably formed in the kidneys (Ser-kowski). To excrete 1.0 gm. of creatinin one must eatabout 330 gm. of meat. ALLANTOIN—NUCLEIC ACID 161 The amount of creatinin is increased in fever, aftermuscular exercise, and in diabetes (proteid diet). It is
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 23.—Crystals of creatinin-zinc chlorid (Salkowski). diminished in cachexias, starvation, muscle-atrophy, andin chronic nephritis (Serkowski). ALLANTOIN Allantoin (C4H6N403) is found in the urine of new-born infants and also in adults, but in the latter in meretraces. It is increased by meat diet, by taking tannic acid,and in cases of diabetes insipidus and hysteria. Allantoin is obtained from uric acid by oxidation—e. g.,with potassium permanganate—and is decomposed byheat and hydrochloric acid into allanturic acid and urea: C4H6N403 + H20 = C3H4N203 + CH4N20 Allantoin. Allanturic acid. Urea. NUCLEIC ACID Mcerner found nucleic acid in very small quantities inthe urine. Larger amounts appear in combination with 162 EXAMINATION OF THE URINE albumin as nucleo-albumin. These acids arq interesting physiologically, as they are compounds of phosphoric acid, xanthin bases, and non-nitrogenous substances. They may contain as much as 9 or 10 per cent, of phosphorus. They do not give
Note About Images
Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.