i helped my coworker set up a camera obscura in one of our empty window offices. we covered the window with some black cardboard, sealed off all our light leaks, cut a hole in the middle, and he mocked up a variable aperture slider (awesomely, each hole corresponds to 1 stop). this is the largest aperture. i exposed the room for 30 seconds at ISO 800, at f/5.6.
the most amazing thing to me about all this is how easy it was. sometimes you get it in your head that this shit is complicated, but it REALLY IS NOT. we literally just covered a window and cut a hole in it, and this is the result.