Civilian war memorial, Poplar

World war 1...

From Wikipedia:

'The bombing of Upper North Street School in Poplar had a particularly powerful emotional and political impact. Eighteen children died and 30 were injured in that attack, the school being one of many death sites on a raid delivered by a fleet of 18 Gotha bombers on June 13, 1917. Aircraft in this group also bombed Margate, Foulness Island, Shoeburyness, Greenwich, East Ham, Southwark and Dalston. Seventy-two bombs fell within a mile of Liverpool Street station within 2 minutes. The death toll—including Poplar—reached 162 and another 432 people were injured, making the raid the most severe yet witnessed in Britain. The effectiveness of Britain's air defences were tragically exposed as all the Luftwaffe planes returned abroad to their bases. Some 92 British pilots had taken-off to seek the raiders but most never saw a Gotha; one was killed from enemy fire.'

I'm inclined to wonder if this is the first civilian air raid memorial, at least in the UK, although there may be earlier ones from Zeppelin raids....