Harley Davidson Riders and History ...Side, Manavgat, Turkey
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Side (IPA: /ˈsiːdǝ/) is one of the best-known classical sites in
Turkey, and was an ancient harbour whose name meant pomegranate. Side
is a resort town on the southern coast of Turkey, near the villages of
Manavgat and Selimiye, 75 km from Antalya) in the province of Antalya.
It is located on the eastern part of the Pamphylian coast, which lies
about 20 km east of the mouth of the Eurymedon River.
Settlers from Cyme (Cumæans) in Aeolis, an ancient region of
northwestern Asia Minor, founded the city in the seventh century BC.
Possessing a good harbor for small-craft boats, Side's natural
geography made it the most important place in Pamphylia – the region
in the south of Asia Minor between Lycia and Cilicia, from the
Mediterranean to Mount Taurus. This location made Side one of the most
important trade centers in its time. Today, as in yesteryear, the
ancient city of Side is situated on a small north-south peninsula
about 1 km long and 400 m across.
Strabo and Arrianos both record that Side was settled from Cyme
(Aeolis), city in Aeolia, a region of western Anatolia. Most probably,
this colonization occurred in the seventh century B.C.. According to
Arrianos, when settlers from Kyme came to Side, they could not
understand the dialect. After a short while, the influence of this
indigenous tongue was so great that the newcomers forgot their native
Greek and started using the language of Side. Excavations have
revealed several inscriptions written in this language. The
inscriptions, dating from the third and second centuries B.C., remain
undeciphered, but testify that the local language was still in use
several centuries after colonization. Another object found in Side
excavations, a basalt column base from the seventh century B.C. and
attributable to the Neo-Hittites, provides other evidence of the
site's early history. The word "side" is Anatolian in origin
and means pomegranate.
Next to no information exists concerning Side under Lydia and Persian
Empire sovereignty. Nevertheless, the fact that Side minted its own
coins during the 547 BC while under Persian dominion, shows that it
still possessed a great measure of independence.
Alexander the Great occupied Side without a struggle in 333 BC.
Alexander left only a single garrison behind to occupy the city. This
occupation, in turn, introduced the people of Side to Hellenistic
culture of the Greek Civilization, which flourished from the fourth
century to the first century BC. After Alexander's death, Side fell
under the control of one of Alexander's generals, Ptolemy I Soter, who
declared himself king of Egypt in 305 BC. The Ptolemaic dynasty
controlled Side until it was captured by the Seleucid Empire in the
second century BC. Yet, despite these occupations, in the following
years of the second century BC, Side managed to preserve some
autonomy, grew prosperous, and became an important cultural center.
In 190 BC a fleet from the Greek island city-state of Rhodes, supported by Rome and Pergamum, defeated the Seleucid King Antiochus the Great's fleet, which was under the command of the fugitive Carthaginian general, Hannibal. The defeat of Hannibal and Antiochus the Great meant that Side freed itself from the overlordship of the Seleucid Empire. The embarrassing Treaty of Apamea (188 BC) forced Antiochus the Great to abandon all European territories and to cede all of Asia Minor north of the Taurus Mountains to Pergamum. However, the dominion of Pergamum only reached de facto as far as Perga, leaving Eastern Pamphylia semi-free. This led Attalus II Philadelphus to construct a new harbour in the city Attalia (the present Antalya), even though Side already had an important harbour. Between 188 and 36 BC Side minted their own money, tetradrachms showing Nike and a laurel wreath (the sign of victory).
In the first century BC, Side reached a peak when the Cilician pirates
established their chief naval base and a slave-trade center.
The consul Servilius Vatia defeated these brigands in 78 BC and later
the Roman general Pompey in 67 BC, bringing Side under the control of
the Roman Empire. Side's second peak period started around 2C BC when
it established and maintained a good working relationship with the
Roman Empire.[2] Emperor Augustus reformed the state administration
and placed Pamphylia and Side in the Roman province of Galatia in 25
BC, after the short reign by the king Amyntas of Galatia between 36
and 25 BC. Side began another prosperous period as a commercial center
in Asia Minor through its trade in olive oil. Its population grew to
60,000 inhabitants. This period would last well into the third century
AD. Side established itself as a slave-trading center in the
Mediterranean. Its large commercial fleet engaged in acts of piracy.
Wealthy merchants paid for such tributes as public works, monuments,
and competitions as well as the games and gladiator fights. The
significance of this period for Side is evident in its ruins today.
Most of the present-day ruins found in Side date from this period of
prosperity.
Side began a steady decline from the fourth century on. Even defensive
walls could not stop successive invasions of highlanders from the
Taurus Mountains. During the fifth and sixth centuries, Side
experienced a revival, and became the seat of the Bishopric of Eastern
Pamphylia. Arab fleets, nevertheless, raided and burned Side during
the seventh century, contributing to its decline. The combination of
earthquakes, Christian zealots and Arab raids, left the site
completely abandoned by the 10th century. [2] Its citizens had
emigrated to nearby Antalya.
In the twelfth century, Side temporarily established itself once more
as a large city. An inscription found on the site of the former
ancient city shows a considerable Jewish population in early Byzantine
times. However, Side was abandoned again after being sacked. Its
population moved to Antalya, and Side became known as Eski Adalia or
Old Antalya and was buried.
One of the maps (portolani) Piri Reis, taken from the Kitab-i Bahriye,
Piri produced in several editions, supplementing in 1520, but
integrating it into subsequent editions.
The great ruins are among the most notable in Asia Minor. They cover a
large promontory where a wall and a moat separate it from the
mainland. During medieval times, the wall and moat were repaired and
the promontory houses a wealth of structures.
There are colossal ruins of a theater complex, the largest of Pamphylia, built much like a Roman amphitheater that relies on arches to support the sheer verticals. The Roman style was adopted because Side lacked a convenient hillside that could be hollowed out as in the usual Greek fashion more typical of Asia Minor. The theater is less well preserved than the Aspendos theater, but it is almost as large, seating 15,000 - 20,000 people. With time and the shifting of the earth, the scena wall has collapsed over the stage and the proscenium is in a cataract of loose blocks. It was converted into an open-air sanctury with two chapels during Byzantine times (5-6th c.)
The well preserved city walls provide an entrance to the site through the Hellenistic main gate (Megale Pyle) of the ancient city, although this gate from the second century BC is badly damaged. Next comes the colonnaded street although the marble columns once there do not exist anymore. All that remains is a few broken stubs near the old Roman baths. The street leads to the a public bath, restored as a museum displaying Roman period statues and sarcophagi. Next is the square agora with in the middle the remains of the round Tyche and Fortuna temple (2nd c. BC), a periptery with twelve columns. In later times it was used as a trading center where pirates sold slaves. The current remains of the theatre, which was used for gladiator fights and later as a church, and the monumental gate date back to the 2nd century. The early Roman Temple of Dionysus is near the theater. The fountain gracing the entrance is restored. At the left side are the remains of a Byzantine Basilica. A public bath has been restored[2]
The remaining ruins of Side include three temples, an aqueduct, and a nymphaeum. Side's nymphaeum – a grotto with a natural water supply dedicated to the nymphs – was an artificial grotto or fountain building of elaborate design.
Turkish archaeologists have been excavating Side since 1947 and
intermittently continue to do so.
In 1895 Greek Muslim refugees from Crete moved to the ruined town and
called it Selimiye. Today, Side has become a popular vacation
destination and experiences a new revival.
It was a favorite spot for watching the solar eclipse of March 29, 2006.
Having been the Bishopric of Eastern Pamphylia, it is still a titular see of the Roman Catholic church.
Comments and faves
estrela *, oOo Bev oOo, bradbeamana, Itinerant Wanderer, and 36 other people added this photo to their favorites.
Avocadoface (40 months ago | reply)
This lovely shot was seen in Historical and architectural gems, thank you for sharing.
www.flickr.com/groups/701703@N21/
ALDUAIN (40 months ago | reply)
Precious thing of the past.
"History & Antiquities"
Celebrating History & Legacy.
Artconcept © [deleted] (40 months ago | reply)
You are invited to add your
Excellent image
to the Visualconceptgroup.
CLICK ON THE LINK AND ADD
Visualconcept group
Congrats you deserve more Fav from Fav Lovers
From Fav Lovers : post 1 and Fav 3 Group
mariovalentini45 (40 months ago | reply)
ΘβĴ€КTİF 1 Post,4 Comment
Gérard Farenc (40 months ago | reply)
THIS SHOT IS LIKE A CLEAR LIGHT IN THE NIGHT, THANK YOU!
***SPETTACOLARE*** (Post 1 - Award 3)
Beppe Modica (40 months ago | reply)
magnifica luce ...!
Awesome Shot ! Congratulations !!
Your Photo was seen in A.T.M. Photography
From A.T.M Photography Award Group
estrela * (40 months ago | reply)
WONDERFUL IMAGE.
Seen in
Visual concept Group
( Post 1 comment 2 )
hagerstenguy (40 months ago | reply)
Seleccionada como GRAN FOTO!
Gran Grupo
Tachherrdokter (40 months ago | reply)
Nicely composed and framed!!
ΘβĴ€КTİF 1 Post,4 Comment
Elisabeth Gaj (40 months ago | reply)
THIS SHOT IS LIKE A CLEAR LIGHT IN THE NIGHT, THANK YOU!
***SPETTACOLARE*** (Post 1 - Award 3)
*Saariy* (40 months ago | reply)
Güzel bir açıdan mükemmel bir çekim. Kutlarım. İyi günler.
Congratulations, E x c e l l e n t!
Seen in Enstantane.
Please tag your photo with "Enstantane"
ristozz (40 months ago | reply)
₪ Zen`sational ₪
¡¡ I love the shot !!
Seen in the group:
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(Post 1 ~ Award 2)
Paul Mor [deleted] (40 months ago | reply)
Vista in
Winkleriani
Paul Mor [deleted] (40 months ago | reply)
SPLENDIDA FOTO!!!SEI INVITATO A POSTARLA SU:
EXCELLENT PHOTO!!!YOU'RE INVITED ADD TO:
flickr.com/groups/anticando/
Aggiungi il tag "anticando"....Grazie.
Please,add the tag "anticando"
Complimenti da:/Congratulations by:
;
La bellezza delle pietre /The beauty of the stones
post 1, comment 3
Per favore aggiungi questa bella foto al gruppo e lascia 3 commenti/Please post this beautiful image to the group and comment on 3
catarina.berg (40 months ago | reply)
Fine foto!
Itinerant Wanderer (40 months ago | reply)
ΘβĴ€КTİF 1 Post,4 Comment
Jean Berchan (40 months ago | reply)
Your Photo Wins a Heart
From Heart Awards Group
Kiwi~Steve (40 months ago | reply)
Your Photo Wins a Heart
From Heart Awards Group
Chris Sutherland Photography (40 months ago | reply)
this Amazing Work deserves a Crown !
☮ Royal Group, Invite new Friends ! ☮
°°*ROSA*°° (40 months ago | reply)
Great shot!!!
"Seen on YourCountry"
monlou45 (40 months ago | reply)
Historical-Traditional-Oriental
NES-ART [deleted] (40 months ago | reply)
BEAUTİFUL!
Seen in:
Historical-Traditional-Oriental
***Images*** (40 months ago | reply)
Excellent history photo!
BEAUTİFUL!
Seen in:
Historical-Traditional-Oriental
Flaubert (40 months ago | reply)
BEAUTİFUL!
Seen in:
Historical-Traditional-Oriental
ibzsierra (40 months ago | reply)
Akdeniz'in güzelliklerine yelken açtınız ! You have captured the beauty of The Mediterranean !
Gracias. Teşekkürler. Grazie. Thank you for sharing in Akdeniz - The Mediterranean - Mediterraneo group
chris.bryant (40 months ago | reply)
Oradaydım
Paylaşım İçin Teşekkürler-Thank you for sharing!
www.flickr.com/groups/oradaydm/
Robert Benoit (Bob Tour) (40 months ago | reply)
BEAUTİFUL!
Seen in:
Historical-Traditional-Oriental
mxpeyne (40 months ago | reply)
great shoot
***Yuna*** (39 months ago | reply)
Seen in
***FLICKRPEDIA*** House of Knowledge
Very cool ruins = )
msdstefan (39 months ago | reply)
*YOU CAUGHT MY EYE !*
"Golden Eye Award"
*Thank you*
BigGuy1611 (39 months ago | reply)
Hi, I'm an admin for a group called Your Vacation shots!, and we'd love to have this added to the group!
coral.hen4800 (39 months ago | reply)
WOW!!! WELL DONE!!! THIS IS AN ATOMIC PHOTO!!!!
ATOMIC AWARD GROUP
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If you have 5 or more Awards, please post your photo here:
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and get the SPECIAL ATOMIC AWARD!!!
Tiziano Taddei (39 months ago | reply)
Hi, I'm an admin for a group called What you see is what you are......., and we'd love to have this added to the group!
Se vuoi vedere il mio album clikka sulla foto
digitalambitions/ Valerie Hogg (39 months ago | reply)
WOW!!! WELL DONE!!! THIS IS AN ATOMIC PHOTO!!!!
ATOMIC AWARD GROUP
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If you have 5 or more Awards, please post your photo here:
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and get the SPECIAL ATOMIC AWARD!!!
Tó Lobato (38 months ago | reply)
So fine! Wonderful place and shot
Alev Başaran (arkeolog59) (38 months ago | reply)
Thank you for sharing!
www.flickr.com/groups/group_archaeology_/
Group Archaeology
Süleyman (38 months ago | reply)
Thank you for sharing!
www.flickr.com/groups/group_archaeology_/
Group Archaeology
Margot Wolfs (38 months ago | reply)
Thanks for sharing...
Seen in: "EXPOLORE TURKIYE" group
Have a nice day !
Please tag your images: "türkiye,turkey,türkei"
keithhull (Away) (38 months ago | reply)
seen in
Dragonfly Awards Group
kelsk (38 months ago | reply)
nice combination
seen in
Dragonfly Awards Group
valeriolanci (38 months ago | reply)
Complimenti da:/Congratulations by:
FOTOPEDIA
post 1, comment 3
Grazie per questa interessante foto/Thank you for this interesting photos
My Scotland [deleted] (38 months ago | reply)
This is a fantastic photo! - well done!
VÍRNU (38 months ago | reply)
This is a fantastic photo! - well done!
Süleyman (38 months ago | reply)
Hi,
.
Your photo is one of the Admin's choices of the month, congrats
Ruins of Archaic to Medieval Ages
ozgurmulazimoglu (38 months ago | reply)
Onur duydum...
tuncer_side (37 months ago | reply)
defalarca geçtiğim kapıyı değişik bir bakış açısıyla sundun
teşekkürler
This very nice shot invited to
Ruins of Archaic to Medieval Ages(Post 1 Comment 1)
Tactus68 (37 months ago | reply)
This remarkable image was seen in
(post 1 invite 1 award 3)
( on the first 2 pages)
--
Seen in Awsome Shot - ( Post - 1, Award - 3 ) (?)
FOTONICO.BR (37 months ago | reply)
This Remarkable
Image Was Seen In:
(post 1 award 3)
( on the first 2 pages)
phil_sidenstricker (37 months ago | reply)
Thanks For Sharing this Wonderful Image
Seen in Views From Around the World.:
Views From Around The World
leo1leo12 (37 months ago | reply)
EXCELLENT!!, SEEN IN :
Diamond Stars (Post 1 Give 3 diamonds)