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Camera Techniques - Night photography

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Keith McInnes Photography is a group administrator Keith McInnes Photography  Pro User  says:

Night photography is all about slowing things down.
As much about photos are about catching light in a particular moment night shootings is about trying to get more of that light into the camera.
Slowing down your shutter speeds to catch the available light is the best way to go about night photography as well as adjusting your aperture.

Fast wheel by Keith McInnes Photography

This is a 15 sec exposure

Your DSLR should be able to slow down your shutter speed to 30 seconds & then 'bulb' mode which allows you to keep the shutter open for as long as you would like.

Flinders St Station by Keith McInnes Photography

Light trails from cars with long exposure

Generally I use 30 seconds as this is long enough to be able to capture the light that I use in night shoots.
One very useful & almost essential tool for night photography is a good tri-pod, unless you can rest directly on a stable object or the ground, you will not be stable enough to hand hold in night photography even with very low aperture lenses.
Depending on what you are shooting I find that if you are trying to capture a single object with not much depth of field around the f10 mark is useful or if you are increasing your DOF you will need to go for f16 or f22.

Under the bridge by Keith McInnes Photography

30 sec exposure at f10 enables you to capture more light

The smaller the f-stop (ie f22) the more chance of getting that star effect too, refer Camera Techniques - Light 'star' effect .

What a view by Keith McInnes Photography

A 30 sec exposure at f22

Generally I use Auto White balance, as you will probably get a mix of lighting types & temperatures, which works most times or you might need to use incandesant as you will generally find most city skies at night have an 'orange' colour light from sulphur lighting.
Camera Techniques - White Balance
ISO is the next item on the list as the higher the ISO the most 'noise' you will get in your shot which is the more dots you will see especially in the sky.
I set my camera (Nikon D90) to auto ISO with it maxed to 800 so that I don’t get too much noise.
When you are shooting with longer shutter speeds I find that you don’t really need to go higher but if you feel the need go for that just beware that you will get more noise but you might also be looking for that.
On a clear night you will also see the stars that you might not be able to see with the naked eye.

Southern Cross in sky over waves by Keith McInnes Photography

Stars in the sky over the sea

One thing to consider when you can capture stars is that the earth is moving in relation to the heavens above so you might get slight star trails, again you might like this.
You can set your camera to shoot minutes or hours too if you like to get those long star trails that look amazing.
You can also get cloud movement with long exposures that can almost make you picture look like it is still moving.
Also with long exposures you can do things like 'light painting' or play with light like below, can be fun.

38/365 - 100409 by Keith McInnes Photography

Light painting on a long exposure

Another useful setting when shooting at night is to set your camera to have mirror lock up (most DSLR's have this) so that you have less camera shake when shooting as even pressing the shutter release can move the camera ever so slightly.
On my Nikon D90 the setting is d10 in the menu.
Or alternatively you can use the same delay for doing a self portrait so that you don’t have to press the button.
A wireless or corded remote is also another very good tool for shooting at night as again you wont have to touch the camera before opening the shutter.
Again if you have problems with getting you horizons straight you can get one of these little levels that will let you know when you are level, or use the bubble device, especially at night as you can see the lights.Camera Techniques - Horizons

87/365 - 290509 by Keith McInnes Photography

LED auto level

One problem that I have found with might shooting is that sometimes your auto focus cant sometimes work as the area might be too dark.
If you have multi-point auto focus you might be able to change the position so that you can find something it can fix on or you may have to switch to manual focus.
They are some of my tips about night shooting that hopefully you might find useful & be able to put into practice.
Again if you have more to add please feel free to add or make another post.
These are the techniques that I use that I find I am able to get some good night shots.
Oh yeah I use my camera in Manual mode for all night shoots.
Enjoy the nights.
Regards
Keith McInnes

Bridge over the Yarra by Keith McInnes Photography

Opera House sails illuminated by Keith McInnes Photography

Originally posted at 11:33PM, 13 June 2009 PDT (permalink)
Keith McInnes Photography edited this topic 36 months ago.

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davey_flex  Pro User  says:

Wow, Keith, those shots are beautiful! Thanks for the tips. You've inspired me to have another go at night shots.

Here's my only (so far) halfway-decent night shot. It was taken with my old camera, a Sony DSC-V3. The reason the top of the castle was cut off is because I didn't have a tripod and just rested the camera on a wall.

Conwy Castle at night by davey_flex

Posted 36 months ago. (permalink)

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rbromfield photography  Pro User  says:

One of my best.

DSC_5320
Posted 36 months ago. (permalink)

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zJMac  Pro User  says:

Sometimes the fine line between what is and what could be becomes a bit blurry....

Pointless: Sundial at night
Posted 36 months ago. (permalink)

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hersen paul says:

Vivid Sydney 2009

Aperture: f11
Exposure: 15 sec
ISO: 200
Posted 36 months ago. (permalink)

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Craig Jewell Photography  Pro User  says:

In the past two years, I have been using a method for night photography which I developed by experimentation. I don't know if anyone else uses this, but I haven't seen it mentioned anywhere. It has become my standard method of capturing night scenes which have become one of my favourite genres.

These are the details.

In order to use this technique your camera needs to support multiple in-camera multiple exposure. I know that the Pentax K10D and K20D have this feature as well as the higher end Nikon cameras (D200 and up). I am not sure about the Canon cameras. I don't think the 40D and 50D have it.

I always use a sturdy tripod when using this technique. I also trigger with a remote and using mirror lock-up to minimise vibration. It is critical that the camera doesn't move between exposures.

I set the camera to multiple exposure and select anything from 3 to 9 shots (this is a camera setting).

I choose a suitable aperture. I usually use f8 or f11 to maximise image sharpness and still have a good depth of field. With my 12-24 f/4 lens, I sometimes shoot wide open because it is very sharp there and for a wide angle lens depth-of-field is huge even wide open. I almost always shoot my night scenes at ISO100 (no noise even if I have to push the exposure in raw). I alwasy shoot in RAW

I fire the in-camera meter in matrix mode to get a shutter speed for the scene. I normally work in either Manual (M) mode or Aperture Priority (Av). I take the first shot and then take more shots (usually two or 4 more) bracketing for exposure by adjusting the shutter speed in M mode or the Exposure compensation in Av mode.

Whatever EV you choose to bracket by depends very much on the scene and you will learn with practise as I have. If there are a lot of bright lights may need to go as low as -3EV to prevent highlight clipping in the final scene. The good things is that after each frame (on my K10D) it show the cumulative image. I use this to judge what exposure I should use for the next frame to provide an even exposure. You don't necessarily have to choose your component exposures so that they are symetrical about the meter reading (i.e. -2EV, 0, +2EV). You might get better results in some situations using something like --3EV -1EV +1EV or even -2EV -1EV 0 +2EV -1EV (again) just make adjustments as you go if your camera shows the combined image up to that point.

If done correctly, the resulting shot will have both shadow and highlight detain with smooth gradation of colour and luminance.

You may be thinking that what I am doing is the same as HDR in software. Well, it is similar in that you are combining bracketed shots, but it is different in that I feel the shots look far more natural and it doesn't use tonemapping (I have never liked HDR imaging much, because I have very seldom seen it well done and producing a natural looking image).

OK, now for some samples. Click images to go to image page.

















If you want to see more, have a look in my Multiple Exposure set
Originally posted 34 months ago. (permalink)
Craig Jewell Photography edited this topic 34 months ago.

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dicktay2000  Pro User  says:


Beautiful series. Thanks for the how to. Even though I shoot with a Canon it is still food for thought.
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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!algenonQ  Pro User  says:

Great topic and fine examples. One point I have read for both my P&S Canon S3 and my Olympus SLR, is that both manufacturers recommend turning OFF image stabilisation when the camera is on a tripod. I do this and it sometimes (rarely) makes a noticable difference.

One other tip, is to carry around a small red LED torch - like those key chain torches. This lets you find gear you've dropped without wrecking your night vision.
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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malcsp76  Pro User  says:

Good to read these tips, and fine examples as algenonQ says. But night photography needn't always be about slowing things down. If you shoot wide open and use available light sources, in urban environments at least you can get good results with a short exposure. I really like this, from leslie liu's photostream:

 by leslie liu


Leslie's explained in a comment how the shot was taken.
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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rugby4all says:

In addition to the tripod, if you can lock the mirror and use a remote, you will minimize the chances of vibration when taking your night shots...

Here is the Montréal skyline at 13s exposure (f/13, ISO 200):
Montréal @ Night

One at 30s exposure (f/16, ISO 200)
Montréal City Lights

And one at 8s (f/10, ISO 200)
Montréal by Night
Originally posted 34 months ago. (permalink)
rugby4all edited this topic 34 months ago.

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Luke-rative  Pro User  says:

I love black and white night photography... Cpatruing the light seems to adds character to the shot. Check out some images caught earlier this year in and around Sydney.

Sydney's famous fountain by Luke-rative

Ferry or a flash Sydney by Luke-rative

Dark Opera House by Luke-rative


But then again, add some colour and see what happens...

William St is Hectic on Saturday Nights by Luke-rative

Princess Corner by Luke-rative

Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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!algenonQ  Pro User  says:

I love that opera house image.I will have to try some b&w conversions now.
One more tip - I have found that with some angles and lighting, if I leave my UV filter on (hoya hmc) I get noticable ghosting and reflections - so I tend to take the filter off at night.
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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rugby4all says:

I agree with SydneyLuke that B&W night pictures can be/are beautiful...
Here is one of my favorites (Philadelphia):
Philadelphia Skyline B&W
Originally posted 34 months ago. (permalink)
rugby4all edited this topic 34 months ago.

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The_Lyricist  Pro User  says:

Leeds from my bedroom, I love this pic :-D
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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behere_now  Pro User  says:

If anyone wants any light painting tips, don't hesitate to click the shot I posted or FlickrMail me

Balloons, Light Sources and Other Information
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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in2food says:

Dana Point Harbor in the Moonlight
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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dedge555 says:

Here is a one hour exposure, taken in total darkness, moonless night sky from on top of Mauna Loa 13,250 above sea level.

Star Trails Mauna Loa
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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dedge555 says:

A cool effect for ghosting can be done easily at night, in this shot my daughter stood still for about half the exposure then when I said run she quickly ran out of the frame and this is the result.

Parkrose Max Station-Ghosting
Posted 34 months ago. (permalink)

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antuan35mm  Pro User  says:

zubi zuri y torres isozaki
Posted 33 months ago. (permalink)

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dicktay2000  Pro User  says:

Most of my of my night shots have been hand held city street scenes etc, usually taken on vacation.
Canon 5D with Canon 24-104 F4 IS (VR) lens for these.
Examples:

(1) ISO 1600 1/15 @ F4
Early morning walk

(2) ISO 1600 1/10 @ F5.6
Paris industrial.

(3) ISO 1600 1/10 @ F6.3
Quebec at night.
Originally posted 33 months ago. (permalink)
dicktay2000 edited this topic 33 months ago.

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Alesa Dam  Pro User  says:

My minimal requirements for night shots:
- tripod
- mirror lock
- remote release
- flashlight :) (not a flash!)
The hardest thing to get right is the exposure time. Waiting 10 mins, only to find out things got overexposed. Backing to 5 min, only to see that it was not long enough. And so on.

Port Ambonne by night

Dragonfly by night: front view
Originally posted 33 months ago. (permalink)
Alesa Dam edited this topic 33 months ago.

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Alesa Dam  Pro User  says:

And not to forget!
Use a lens hood. Normally used against sun or lens flare.
It helps to block incoming light from the wrong places :)
Posted 33 months ago. (permalink)

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slikamoe says:

thank you for this article! it will be good for beginners also to see the difference between the different f-values!

...of course i have to add one of my shots:

piccadillybus by slikamoe

Posted 33 months ago. (permalink)

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tdub303  Pro User  says:

I almost shoot at night exclusively. feel free to ask me anything as I always share any tips and tricks I have.
salt spring 2
Originally posted 33 months ago. (permalink)
tdub303 edited this topic 33 months ago.

OZZI-PAUL [deleted] says:

I am getting a Hoya screw on ND4 filter (4 stops) for some waterfalls, how good are these filters for long exposure street
scenes at night and light trails.
Posted 33 months ago. (permalink)

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pdxsafariguy  Pro User  says:

Its always good to experiment... night photography can offer nearly endless possibilities, many more than during the day. Worst that can happen is you'll throw away the shot. As an example, here is an experiment in something a little less conventional. that has been a hit. This is a 60sec exposure in which the trees were *backlit* using a camera flash:

Baobabs at Night by pdxsafariguy


If I think about it, I'll post a version without the flash backlighting and I think you'll see the difference.
Originally posted 33 months ago. (permalink)
pdxsafariguy edited this topic 21 months ago.

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MickMc.C says:

I recently took some night shots and used the following settings as recommended to me by an experienced photographer . I was happy with the results .
Camera mounted on tripod with remote release ,
Mirror lockup enabled ,
Iso 100 ,
Tungsten metering during dusk , changing to auto when fully dark ,
Aperature priority .

Dublin Night by MickMc.C


Samuel Beckett Bridge , Dublin by MickMc.C


Dublin City By Night by MickMc.C


Ulster Bank , Dublin City by MickMc.C

Posted 29 months ago. (permalink)

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Keith McInnes Photography is a group administrator Keith McInnes Photography  Pro User  says:

Full moon on Sydney Harbour with this night shot.

Sydney Harbour under full moon by Keith McInnes Photography

Posted 23 months ago. (permalink)

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Klasdja Eclectic Imagery  Pro User  says:

I love night shots.
These are some great examples above. Nice work.
Mine:
My Perspective

MOONRISE
Posted 18 months ago. (permalink)

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kaherdin  Pro User  says:

Kirmes_04
Kirmes_02
Posted 18 months ago. (permalink)

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The Last Photographer  Pro User  says:

Hi guys

I do a lot of night time and indoor photography. I photography people though, so I tend not to be able to use slow shutter speeds (I mean like over a second). Unless I'm in a night club and I can use a flash.

f/4.5, 1/4s, ISO-12800, 38mm, no flash

Helm_20101213_0007 by The Last Photographer


This was taken with a regular kit lens, no fancy gear other than a Canon 7D.

I have a blog where I talk about night time people-photography techniques.

lastphotographer.blogspot.com/

You can take some nice pictures even with a normal kit lens!
Posted 18 months ago. (permalink)

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stan schurman  Pro User  says:

35mm f1.8G Nikkor. Shot at 1/200 sec @ f2.0


Originally posted 18 months ago. (permalink)
stan schurman edited this topic 18 months ago.

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Adam Sheehy  Pro User  says:

I'm sure most you have this on by default, but I didn't see any mention of LENR (long exposure noise reduction), which is an invaluable tool. Also, it makes a very small difference, but I tend to pull off the eyecup/piece and block the viewfinder with the little cover that's attached to the camera strap.
Posted 16 months ago. (permalink)

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playing it down says:

Beautiful shots guys, I especially love


Early morning walk by dicktay2000


I recently shot this and combined 3 lighting styles to achieve the results i wanted.

Rhys' Type-X

CAR
580ex II 60" brolly camera left
580ex II 30" shoot through camera right

STRUCTURE
LED Lenser (Light painted)

SKY and BRIDGE
Ambient 15sec exposure
Posted 16 months ago. (permalink)

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Roger's Eye <(r)>  Pro User  says:

Warm glow
Posted 13 months ago. (permalink)

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DNOfoto says:

Ring Of Fire

Fooling around with the kids and sparklers - Hand held 5 sec exp.
Posted 13 months ago. (permalink)

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