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Focus stacking Tutorial

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

[EDIT] I've just done a more complete focus stacking tutorial with a better example here
www.digitalgrin.com/showthread.php?t=61316

Thought I'd knock up an example of this as there are always a few questions about it.
Focus stacking is simply used to increase the DOF in a picture which can be a major problem in taking macro shots. It is done by taking a series of picures of the subject from the same point of view but at different focus depths covering the area you want in focus. This is achieved either by moving the camera or by using the focus ring. It is best done on a tripod but can be done handholding as long as the FOV is reasonably consistent.
I use the freeware Programme combinez5 to do this available from here
<a www.hadleyweb.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/CZ5/combinez5.htm
Version above handles upti 8mps images version below handles 10mps images
www.hadleyweb.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/CZM/Manual/Install.htm


First a series of three pics to be stacked- notice how the focus point is slightly different in each shot- I tend to start with the nearest point and move in.

Focus stack tutorial #1

Focus stack tutorial #2

Focus stack tutorial #3


It is important you do not do any cropping before focus stacking as the programme will only accept pics of equal size.

Now the hard bit :)

Run combinez5 and open up the file load dialogue and choose the pics to be stacked

Focus stack tutorial #4

Once loaded Simply tell it to stack them

Focus stack tutorial #5

It then works away re-aligning, colour and contrast matching and resizing, picks the in Focus bits apparently on a pixel by pixel basis and hopefully will produce a clean focus stacked image.

Focus stack tutorial #6

Finally producing the stacked image

Focus Stacking Tutorial #7

It's just then a matter of saving the file using the Save Frame/Picture As dialogue.
Sometimes if the pictures were not that well aligned you will get odd effects around the borders which obviously need cropping.

Brian V.
Originally posted at 12:46AM, 23 January 2006 PDT ( permalink )
Lord V edited this topic 26 months ago.

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infomaniac says:

Thank you for this little tutorial.
Though, the link doesn't work :-/
Posted 42 months ago. ( permalink )

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schizoform  Pro User  says:

here i think: http://www.hadleyweb.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/CZ5/combinez5.htm
Posted 42 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

Thanks Schizoform- have updated the link (I think).
Brian V.
Posted 42 months ago. ( permalink )

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Jeff Clow  Pro User  says:

Thank you posting this tutorial, Brian.....MUCH appreciated by those of us who would like to give the focus stacking a try.....but did not know how to get started.
Posted 42 months ago. ( permalink )

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Finstr  Pro User  says:

Very cool, I've never heard of focus stacking until today, but the possibility of doing something like this had occurred to me. Kind of like HDR except with focus instead of exposure. Using both techniques together could get very interesting.

I use a Mac, so cominez5 won't work for me. I did a search on Version Tracker and didn't find anything similar for the Mac OS. If anyone in the group knows of such a program, or has any experience focus stacking manually in PhotoShop, I'd be interested.
Posted 40 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

Hi Finistr
Helicon have released focus stacking prog on a MAC- 30 day free trial $30 after
www.myzips.com/software/Helicon-Focus-Mac.phtml
There is some other freeware software for the mac- I'll see if I can locate it.
Think the freeware one is this- bigwww.epfl.ch/demo/edf/
Brian V.
Originally posted 40 months ago. ( permalink )
Lord V edited this topic 40 months ago.

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Finstr  Pro User  says:

Thanks so much Lord V, I'll check it out.
Posted 40 months ago. ( permalink )

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tr33lo  Pro User  says:

awesome programme, and well explained!! i have tried it and you really do need to keep the subject in the same position, as if its only a fraction out you get lines and stuff round some the edges.
Posted 40 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

tr33lo
Yes you do sometimes get halo effects- I just remove them with the clone tool. Think this mainly occurs if there are rotational differences between the pics which combinez5 does not check for.
Brian V.
Posted 40 months ago. ( permalink )

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opacity  Pro User  says:

Excellent explanation: I'll have to try this sometime.
Posted 39 months ago. ( permalink )

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Sospitis  Pro User  says:

Awesome, thanks for the info.
Posted 39 months ago. ( permalink )

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jason044  Pro User  says:

Thank you so much. I followed the link here from your 100% fly crop. I have never heard of focus stacking and I've been taking tons of Dragonfly macros lately and I can't wait to have a moment to see if I can pull off a dragonfly focus stack.
Posted 39 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

I did several dragons last year- works well as long as nothing moves.
Brian V.
Posted 38 months ago. ( permalink )

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sturdy says:

I´ve asked this to you in another picture, but then I found this tutorial!!

Thanks Brian! ^^
Posted 37 months ago. ( permalink )

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jwilden says:

why not using photoshop? :)
Posted 32 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

This is much easier than photoshop because the prog does the alignment, resizing, colour matching etc for you. I do use photoshop to tidy up after if necessary.
Brian V.
Posted 32 months ago. ( permalink )

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Dirk Delbaere  Pro User  says:

I have tried it with 9 pictures.
I focussed each time (manually) a bit further.
grasshopper

thank you Lord
Originally posted 30 months ago. ( permalink )
Dirk Delbaere edited this topic 23 months ago.

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Ronan O Keeffe  Pro User  says:

Brilliant tutorial, well done.
Posted 30 months ago. ( permalink )

jazzology [deleted] says:

Searching "Stacking" I come across this... Nice example of a "Louisiana Iris" "I. fulva" Our state flower and now in prolific bloom just about anywhere that stays wet...

I'm trying "imagej" as I'm on a mac

cheers, Jeff...from the camel
Posted 27 months ago. ( permalink )

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Fort Photo  Pro User  says:

Thanks for this very helpful tutorial. I've just referred a great flickr friend to focus stacking and really appreciated someone had already done such a nice guide.
Originally posted 26 months ago. ( permalink )
Fort Photo edited this topic 26 months ago.

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frankeys creation says:

I regretted why I havn't discovered this a long time ago. Thanks a lot Lord V for this tutorial. I'm bit fan of your macro work.
Posted 25 months ago. ( permalink )

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Zozo Calypso says:

Another focus stacking program for Mac is Photo Acute Studio. It also has a number of other functions for stacked images, such as noise reduction, elimination of moving objects, etc
photoacute.com/studio/index.html
Originally posted 10 months ago. ( permalink )
Zozo Calypso edited this topic 10 months ago.

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Goshzilla - Dann  Pro User  says:

Photoshop CS4 will have this feature too.
Posted 10 months ago. ( permalink )

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paulchubbuck says:

I have Photoshop CS4, but can find nothing about how to use it to do focus stacking. I see that LordV uses CombineMZ. I have tried Helicon Focus, with pretty good initial results, but am wondering whether anyone has made a comparison of these three software options for doing focus stacking.

Anyone?
Posted 5 months ago. ( permalink )

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urgyen_76 says:

Hi Lord V and all
The other day i was trying to take a series of pics of a watch with focus stacking. But at the end i noticed that with the change of focus point the subjects also moves a little. i tried to auto blend it in ps4 but the result is not as perfect as i wanted it to be. I heard that one has to move the camera according focus point. Can u pl! tell me what should i do to solve this issue .

Thank You
Posted 4 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

I've seen excellent stacks doen with both the combine series (combine z5, combinezm and combinezp) as well as helicon focus. Not really seen much done with cs4 yet.
Posted 4 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

urgyen.- how are you changing the focus point ?

The FOV will change slightly as you move in - this means that each image slice has slightly different sizes which are automatically re-sized when you use stacking software. Not sure if you are suffering from too much movement but often when doing manual focus stacking you may need to re-size the images and perhaps rotate them a bit to get them to align before trying to overlay them.
brian V.
Posted 4 months ago. ( permalink )

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urgyen_76 says:

Hi Lord V
Thank you very much for ur time. I had some other issues so i couldn't answers ur question earlier. Mean while i tried to stack photos with helicon and it worked really good.
Thank you once again for sharing ur knowledge with us.
Posted 4 months ago. ( permalink )

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linden.g  Pro User  says:

Hi Brian

I'm finding CS4 much more forgiving than Combine ZM with respect to frame to frame alignment and halos.

Linden
Posted 4 months ago. ( permalink )

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R10's says:

Hi Lord V,

I have been having issues with stacking using Combine ZM. The output is not as sharp as I expected. Should I use more frames? When I used more than 3 frames, artifacts showed up. Secondly, when I try to stack a straight object, the output seems to "bend" to one side. How can I resolve this? And lastly, I have tried using Helicon Focus, but the output seems like it's been rotated on the axis. Can you help me with my issues? Thank you for sharing. Rio.
Originally posted 3 months ago. ( permalink )
R10's edited this topic 3 months ago.

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

Hi Rio - must admit I don't use CZM- I tend to use the older CZ5 (it's better at not having artifacts). Interestingly I took the sharpening routines out of the stack macro as I didn't like the results (oversharpened) so I sharpen after in PS. WRT not getting sharp images- are the individual slices sharp in the first place ?
One thing none of the stacking progs are good at is handling low contrast detail.
What magnification and aperture are you using for the shots ?

Brian V.
Posted 3 months ago. ( permalink )

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R10's says:

Hi Lord V,

Thank you, I will try to use the older CZ5 instead. I use EF 100mm for the lens, at 1:1 magnification and f/11. I have recently read somewhere, that with that lens, I shouldn't be setting aperture lower than f/5.6 due to diffraction, Is it true? Thank you again for your guidance.
Posted 3 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

Hi R10,
re the aperture and diffraction, The real answer is you should use whatever aperture you need to get the effect you want. It's true especially with macro that images suffer from diffraction softening, but they also suffer often from lack of DOF and you just need to balance the two effects.
I'm a bit of detail junkie but still take most of my 1:1 shots at F11, true they will be slightly sharper at F8 but I don't like the DOF loss. You start seeing very significant sharpness loss at 1:1 at about F16 or smaller.

Brian V.
Posted 3 months ago. ( permalink )

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R10's says:

Hi Lord V, thank you for your tips... Regards, Rio.
Posted 3 months ago. ( permalink )

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polassery  Pro User  says:

I tried both, and found the Helicon focus interesting.
i am only trying, there were few movements due to focus adjustments and movement of subject.
helicon did well to sort it, but costs $200.
Posted 2 months ago. ( permalink )

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Lord V is a group administrator Lord V  Pro User  says:

There is another new software prog around now that is getting good reports - think the beta is free. Zerene stacker
here zerenesystems.com/stacker/
Posted 2 months ago. ( permalink )

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