NJ - ATLANTIC COUNTY

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About NJ - ATLANTIC COUNTY

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History of Atlantic County

In 1664, Charles II of England granted his brother, James, Duke of York, the land between the Hudson and Delaware Rivers. James presented the land to two favorites: John, Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. He named the new land Nova Caesarea. Today the boundaries of Nova Caesarea (New Jersey) are exactly as set about in the original Duke of York's deed.

Southern New Jersey was the home of the LENI-LENAPE Indians. It was explored in the 16th century by Dutch, French, Swedish, Finnish and Portuguese sea captains. The first survey was made by Henry Hudson in 1609. Cornelius Jacobsun Mey sailed into Little Egg Harbor in 1614 and later charted the coastline.
Early Settlers

The first settlement in Atlantic County was in Somers Point. In 1693, John Somers, a member of the Quaker Society of Friends, was appointed by the Cape May County Court as supervisor of roads and constable of Great Egg Harbor. The following year, Egg Harbor was made a part of the Old Gloucester County. At that same time, a ferry was established from Beesley's Point to Somers Point. In 1695, John Somers purchased from Thomas Budd, 3000 acres of land around Somers Point. Also purchasing land from Mr. Budd were John Clement, Jonathan Adams, Paul Scull, Jonas Balentine and Peter Conover.

Daniel Leeds, our first surveyor, made extensive surveys of Egg Harbor in 1698, thus founding Leeds Point. A descendant of his, Jeremiah Leeds became the first permanent resident of ABSECON ISLAND and later acquired title to nearly all of Atlantic City. His son, Chalkley Leeds, became the first mayor of Atlantic City. George May settled in Mays Landing in the early eighteenth century. Thus, Mays Landing was named for George May not Cornelius Jacobsun Mey.

Master Commandant RICHARD SOMERS became a naval hero and is buried near the walls of Tripoli. A member of the well-known Lake family of inventors from Pleasantville, U.S. engineer SIMON LAKE invented the first submarine.

Many of the early settlers were whale men. Shipyards, mills, iron furnaces and brick yards were all active in the region. SHIP BUILDING became a major industry. Prior to the Revolutionary War and War of 1812, numerous ships reached our beaches. Southern New Jersey was developing a cultural and social life all its own.
A New County

As early New Jersey settlements grew and developed, each had their own unique identities. These settlements included: BRIGANTINE , HAMMONTON , PLEASANTVILLE AND EGG HARBOR CITY. In February of 1837, Atlantic County (formerly known as Egg Harbor) was carved from Gloucester County with boundaries that have remained substantially the same to this date. The county is bounded on the north by the Mullica River; on the south by the Great Egg Harbor Bay and the Tuckahoe River; on the west by Camden and Gloucester Counties; and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean.

The County Seat was established in Mays Landing in 1837 and a courthouse built there in 1838 where it remains in use today. The first Board of Freeholders was established in 1837 in Mays Landing with representatives from four townships: Galloway, Hamilton, Egg Harbor and Weymouth. Mrs. Rebecca Estell Winston was the first woman to serve as mayor in Atlantic County and was mayor of Estell Manor in 1925. As townships and municipalities grew, the board grew as well. In 1967, however, the State Legislature changed the size to a seven-person-at-large County Board until 1975 when a new charter came into effect.

The County governmental form changed from Optional County Charter Law to the Executive Form in 1974. The Administrative Code was adopted in May of 1976 and amended in 1992. Today, Atlantic County land area covers 561.01 square miles and is incorporated into 23 municipalities. Estimated county population in the 1994 census was 232,231. The roots of local government in Atlantic County are long-standing. While community sizes and government forms vary, the commitment to citizen-service is well-developed and still a matter of pride.

Native Americans Of New Jersey

About 30,000 years ago, the Paleo-Indians came across Siberia to the Seward Peninsula in Alaska and moved south, spreading over the entire hemisphere. According to Lenape folk tradition, one group of these peoples moved eastward to the Atlantic seaboard. The Lenape came to descend from this group.

The name Leni-Lenape has a variety of translations: "original people", "real people" and "common people". The name by which the Lenape are best known, however, was given to them by the English settlers in the middle seventeenth century. The English named the bay and river on which they settled after Sir Thomas West, the third Lord de la Warr. In time, the original inhabitants along the shores of the "Delaware" River and its tributaries became known as the "Delawares".

There were three Indian groups: the dominant Lenapes, the Mohegans of Long Island and the Nanticokes of the Delaware and Chesapeake Peninsula. The Lenape were one of many nations belonging to the great Algonkins. The early Lenape were a loose confederation of independent communities. They lived mainly in the Delaware River Valley and land west that separated the Delaware and Susquehanna watersheds. The Delaware River was their domain; their council-fire was at Shakamaxon located in what is now Philadelphia. New Jersey was called "Scheyechbi" or long land water referring to the shape of the state. The Atlantic coast was called "Zeewanhacky" meaning place of sea fans or shells.

The Lenape were a migrating people. In the spring, they planted their gardens in their home villages where they cultivated corn, squash, beans, pumpkin and tobacco. In the summer, they hunted and traveled to the shores for clams and oysters. In the fall, they went back to their villages for their harvest. In late fall and early winter they migrated to the Pennsylvania woods to hunt again. In February, when the sap began to run, they moved to set up the sugar to boil. Then, they migrated back to their villages for spring planting.

The Lenape were a deeply religious people and their belief in a Creator and eleven lessor Gods reached all aspects of their lives. They believed that all things had souls. This reflected a deep reverence for their natural environment and a concept that they were only a small part of Nature's grand scheme. This belief made it difficult for them to understand the concept of land ownership and purchase.

In the Spring of 1524, Italian navigator, Giovanni da Verrazzano sailed into New York harbor. According to his notes, he found the area "well peopled, the inhabitants.. . dressed out with feathers of birds of various colors. They came towards us with evident delight raising shouts of admiration".

In the early days, the first English settlements in New Jersey were founded by the Quakers who made it a point to purchase title to the land from the Indians. They endeavored to prevent traders from taking advantage of the natives through their early laws. Those laws, however, were difficult to enforce. One of William Penn's greatest achievements was his fair dealings with the Indians. He held their loyalty for many long years. In this book, "William Penn's own account of the Lenni Lenape", Penn discusses the matriarchal structure of their society and their religious and moral beliefs. Like many of his contemporaries, Penn believed that the Lenape descended from the Lost Tribe of Israel.

The first Boardwalk opened on June 26, 1870 and was one mile long. It was designed by Jacob Keim and Alexander Boardman to keep the sand out of the tourist shoes. Today the Boardwalk extends just over 4 miles long.

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OTHER GROUPS OF INTEREST:

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CAMERA GROUPS

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KONICA MINOLTA - DIMAGE G600


KONICA MINOLTA - DIMAGE X1


SONY - MAVICA FD-71


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CHRISTMAS GROUP

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5 Photo Limit - Daily
CHRISTMAS 2007


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CHURCHES & HOW GROUP

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CHURCHES & HOUSES OF WORSHIP


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COLLAGES GROUP

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COLLAGES


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COMMENT GROUPS

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ADORABLE UNLIMITED


BEAUTIFUL UNLIMITED


CONGRATULATIONS UNLIMITED


COOL UNLIMITED


GREAT UNLIMITED


IMPRESSIVE UNLIMITED


INTERESTING UNLIMITED


MAJESTIC UNLIMITED


NICE UNLIMITED


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WOW UNLIMITED


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EUROPE GROUP

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EUROPE - CEMETERIES


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IN MEMORIAM GROUP

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IN MEMORIAM (Tributes to Loved Ones Who Have Passed)


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PORTUGAL GROUPS

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PORTUGAL UNLIMITED / Portugal Sem Limites


PORTUGAL - PORTUGUESE PEOPLE / Pessoas Portuguesas


PORTUGAL - CEMETERIES OF PORTUGAL / Cemitérios de Portugal


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USA GROUPS

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FL - COLLIER COUNTY - THE PARADISE COAST


FL - MARTIN COUNTY - TREASURE COAST


FL - ORANGE COUNTY


NJ - ATLANTIC COUNTY


NJ - BURLINGTON COUNTY


NJ - CAMDEN COUNTY


NJ - CAPE MAY COUNTY


NJ - CUMBERLAND COUNTY


NJ - ESSEX COUNTY


NJ - GLOUCESTER COUNTY


NJ - HUNTERDON COUNTY


NJ - MEMORIALS (Wars, 911, Police, Fire, 1st Responders)


NJ - MERCER COUNTY


NJ - MIDDLESEX COUNTY


NJ - MONMOUTH COUNTY


NJ - MORRIS COUNTY


NJ - NEW JERSEY


NJ - OCEAN COUNTY


NJ - PASSAIC COUNTY


NJ - SALEM COUNTY


NJ - SOMERSET COUNTY


NJ - SUSSEX COUNTY


NJ - UNION COUNTY


NJ - WARREN COUNTY


NV - CLARK COUNTY


NY - NEW YORK


USA - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


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WORLD GROUP

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THE WORLD'S EDGE

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